4.3: Know What is Meant by the Terms Homologous Series, Functional Group and Isomerism

DEFINITIONS:

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HOMOLOGOUS SERIES: A Series of Organic Compounds that has Similar Features:

FEATURES
- Same general formula	- Same functional group
- Similar chemical reactions	- Physical properties show gradation
- Each member differs from the next by a  CH2 Unit

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FUNCTIONAL GROUP: Group of atoms bonded in specific arrangement that makes compound behave in particular way

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NAME	FUNCTIONAL GROUP	FAMILY
… ane	None	Alkane
… ene	C = C Bond	Alkene
… anol	O - H Group	Alcohol
… anoic Acid	C - O - O - H Group	Carboxylic Acid
… anamine	NH2 Group	Amine

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ISOMERISM: Compounds that have same molecular formula but different displayed formulae

Example:

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BUTANE	METHYLPROPANE
C4H10	C4H10